Identification of Optimal Binders for Torrefied Biomass Pellets

The pretreatment of biomass through torrefaction is an effective means improving the fuel quality woody and its suitability for use in existing facilities burning thermal coal. Densification torrefied produces a similar energy density, moisture content, fixed carbon content to low-grade coals. Additionally, if conditions are optimized, produced pellet will be resistant weathering biological degradation, allowing outdoor storage transport manner In untreated biomass, lignin primary binding agent pellets activated by heat pressures extrusion process. degradation during reduces ability, resulting low durability not suitable transportation. can increase pellets/briquettes number different mechanisms depending on binder used. This study gives review granular mechanisms, as they apply assesses variety organic inorganic agents, ranking them their applicability based criteria, including durability, hydrophobicity, cost. best binders were found solid by-product derived from pulp paper processing, tar pyrolysis, tall oil pitch, lime.